In Acts 15, the Holy Spirit reveals the first major doctrinal conflict that troubled God’s people. The question to be answered was, “Do you have to be circumcised according to the custom of Moses to be saved?” The conflict came about because of the missionary work of Paul and Barnabas, which was opposed by some from Judea who claimed that such circumcision had to take place. In other words, one had to become a Jewish proselyte to be saved.
The disagreement reached a head at Antioch, and it was determined that Paul and Barnabas should go to Jerusalem to meet with the apostles and elders about the question, which they did.
There are certain significant aspects found in the record of this meeting that can help us in understanding God’s word. Think of the following:
Verse 7 reveals disagreement, “when there had been much dispute.” Though later Judaizing teachers became evil in their attacks against Paul, it seems here that all present were desiring to follow God’s word. The lesson here is that when all are willing to act with honesty and integrity, the unity of the faith is attainable.
In verses 7-11 the group entertained the testimony of Peter, who relayed his experience with Cornelius and his household. This experience related God’s acceptance of Gentiles as they were, outside of the Jewish religion. In fact, Peter noted the change in covenant impacted Jews as well, noting “But we believe that through the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ we shall be saved in the same manner as they” (11). In effect, grace saves, not circumcision.
After Peter’s speech, Paul and Barnabas were given the floor. They spoke of the miracles done among the Gentiles, thus giving assurance that their work had its origin from God Himself. Later claims that Paul was a usurper, and without Divine approval, are false. This is seen by gift of miracles, and their working “among the Gentiles” (12)
Finally, James stood and showed how the prophets (quoting from Amos 9) agreed with the record they had witnessed with both Peter, and Paul and Barnabas. “‘So that the rest of mankind may seek the Lord, even all the Gentiles who are called by My name’, says the Lord who does all these things” (17).
These testimonies, as they were true, were accepted by the apostles, elders and the brethren in Jerusalem. This does not mean they “decided” to let Gentiles in. What is means is that they “accepted” what God had revealed to be His will. Note: No church has the right to decide such matters for itself. But, each congregation has the autonomy to choose to serve God, regardless of any outside pressure.
The final step was to deliver the message to other congregations that God had accepted the Gentiles, without the need for circumcision. A letter was written, and sent with messengers to Antioch with the information. The content of that letter is found in verses 23-29).
This council settled the question. God’s word and the miraculous corroboration settled the matter. Because the answer was true, it was received with pleasure by the apostles, elders and the whole church there in Jerusalem. Unfortunately, though the question was answered, rebellion regarding the issue continued throughout the life of the apostle Paul. This led him to list “perils among false brethren” among the cares he experienced in his ministry.
God’s word answers every question. It determines what is right, and what is wrong. It is left to us to obey it!
