One synonym of “covenant” is “testament.” The Hebrew writer uses that concept here. As we know, a testament (or will) goes into effect at the death of the one making the testament (or will). As it relates to Jesus’ testament, will, covenant – it was not until Jesus died that it came into being or “in force” (17).
This means that when Jesus died, the Old Testament was no longer in force. It was superseded by the New Testament of Christ. Christ’s testament is superior to the Old Testament, ratified by God’s servant Moses. Moses took the blood of calves and goats, sprinkling it on the covenant, tabernacle and the people to solemnize the agreement that the Jews had with God. “This is the blood of the covenant which God has commanded you” (20).
Blood is required for there to be remission of sins. Such remission is found under the New Covenant, rather than the Old Covenant. This shows that the blood of the bulls and goats that Moses used could not solve the problem of sin (cf 9:13-14; 10:4). Only in Christ’s blood, in the New Covenant, can remission be found! (cf. 10:10).
